Time / Calendar Word Dictionary

時間—time

じかん

The continuous flow in which events happen and change.

昼—daytime

ひる

The part of a day when it is light outside.

夜—night

よる

The dark part of a day when most people sleep.

朝—morning

あさ

The early part of a day after waking up.

午後—afternoon

ごご

The part of a day between noon and evening.

正午—noon

しょうご

The middle of the day between morning and afternoon.

今日—today

きょう

The day that is happening now.

翌日—next day

よくじつ

The day that comes immediately after a particular day.

昨日—yesterday

きのう

The day that came before today.

今—now

いま

At the present moment.

後で—later

あとで

At a time after the present moment.

早い—early

はやい

Happening before the usual or expected time.

遅い—late

おそい

Happening after the usual or expected time.

前—before

まえ

At an earlier time than another event or moment.

後—after

あと

At a later time than another event or moment.

始める—begin

はじめる

To make an action or event start.

終わる—end

おわる

To reach the point where an action or event stops.

待つ—wait

まつ

To stay until someone arrives or something happens.

起きる—wake up

おきる

To stop sleeping and become awake.

寝る—sleep

ねる

To rest with the eyes closed and the body inactive.

掛け時計—wall clock

かけどけい

A clock fixed to a wall to show the time.

予定—schedule

よてい

A plan showing when activities or events will happen.

日付—date

ひづけ

A particular day identified on a calendar system.

週—week

しゅう

A period of seven days used in ordinary schedules.

年—year

とし

A period in which the seasons complete one full cycle.

秒—second

びょう

A very short unit of time used to measure brief events.

分—minute

ふん

A short unit of time made up of sixty seconds.

日—day

ひ

A full period from one midnight to the next.

月—month

つき

A main calendar period longer than a week and shorter than a year.

季節—season

きせつ

A part of the year marked by typical weather and natural changes.

春—spring

はる

The season when the weather becomes warmer and plants grow again.

夏—summer

なつ

The warmest season of the year.

秋—autumn

あき

The season when the weather cools and many leaves change color.

冬—winter

ふゆ

The coldest season of the year.

月曜日—Monday

げつようび

The weekday that comes after Sunday.

火曜日—Tuesday

かようび

The weekday that comes after Monday.

水曜日—Wednesday

すいようび

The weekday that comes after Tuesday.

木曜日—Thursday

もくようび

The weekday that comes after Wednesday.

金曜日—Friday

きんようび

The weekday that comes after Thursday.

土曜日—Saturday

どようび

The day of the week that comes after Friday.

日曜日—Sunday

にちようび

The day of the week that comes after Saturday.

週末—weekend

しゅうまつ

The part of the week when many people do not work or attend school.

平日—weekday

へいじつ

A day of the week when work or school normally takes place.

休みの日—day off

やすみのひ

A day when a person does not have to work or attend school.

誕生日—birthday

たんじょうび

The yearly date on which a person was born.

休憩—break

きゅうけい

A short period when an activity stops so people can rest.

休暇—vacation

きゅうか

A longer period away from work or school for rest.

真夜中—midnight

まよなか

The middle point of the night when a new day begins.

夜明け—dawn

よあけ

The time when light first appears before sunrise.

夕暮れ—dusk

ゆうぐれ

The time when daylight fades after sunset.

すぐ—soon

After only a short amount of time.

最近—recently

さいきん

At a time not long before now.

すでに—already

Before now or earlier than expected.

まだ—still

Continuing up to the present moment.

いつも—always

At every time or on every occasion.

決して—never

けっして

Not at any time or on any occasion.

よく—often

Many times or at frequent intervals.

時々—sometimes

ときどき

On some occasions but not regularly.

めったに—rarely

Not often and only on a few occasions.

普段—usually

ふだん

In the way that happens most of the time.

毎日—daily

まいにち

Happening or done every day.

毎週—weekly

まいしゅう

Happening or done every week.

毎月—monthly

まいつき

Happening or done every month.

毎年—yearly

まいとし

Happening or done every year.

一瞬—moment

いっしゅん

A very short point or span of time.

期間—period

きかん

A length of time with a clear beginning and end.

持続時間—duration

じぞくじかん

The amount of time that an event or activity continues.

約束—appointment

やくそく

An arranged time to meet someone.

通知—reminder

つうち

A message that helps someone remember something to do.

目覚まし時計—alarm clock

めざましどけい

A clock that makes a sound at a chosen time to wake someone.

就寝時刻—bedtime

しゅうしんじこく

The usual or chosen time to go to sleep.

食事時—mealtime

しょくじどき

A usual or planned time for eating a meal.

日の出—sunrise

ひので

The event of the sun appearing above the horizon.

日の入り—sunset

ひのいり

The event of the sun disappearing below the horizon.

暇—free time

ひま

Time when no work, study, or required task must be done.

締切—deadline

しめきり

The latest time by which something must be completed.

時間通り—on time

じかんどおり

At the planned or required time, neither early nor late.

時間厳守—punctuality

じかんげんしゅ

The habit of arriving or acting at the agreed time.

遅延—delay

ちえん

A situation in which something happens later than planned.

延期する—postpone

えんきする

To move a planned event to a later time.

日程変更—schedule change

にっていへんこう

A change to the planned date or time of an event.

取り消す—cancel

とりけす

To decide that a planned event will not happen.

予約する—reserve

よやくする

To arrange in advance for a place, service, or time to be available.

到着する—arrive

とうちゃくする

To reach a place at the end of a journey.

出発する—depart

しゅっぱつする

To leave a place and begin a journey.

戻る—return

もどる

To come or go back to a previous place.

続ける—continue

つづける

To keep doing something without ending it.

一時停止する—pause

いちじていしする

To stop an activity for a short time and continue later.

繰り返す—repeat

くりかえす

To do or say the same thing again.

急ぐ—hurry

いそぐ

To act quickly because little time is available.

計画する—plan

けいかくする

To decide in advance what will be done and when.

準備する—prepare

じゅんびする

To make things ready before an activity or event.

整理する—organize

せいりする

To arrange tasks or events in a clear and useful order.

覚えている—remember

おぼえている

To keep or bring information back into the mind.

忘れる—forget

わすれる

To fail to remember information or something that must be done.

不在—absence

ふざい

The state of not being present at a place or event.

忙しい—busy

いそがしい

Having many tasks and little free time.

空いている—available

あいている

Free and able to be used or arranged at a certain time.

一時的—temporary

いちじてき

Existing or lasting for only a limited time.

永久的—permanent

えいきゅうてき

Intended to continue without a planned end.

行事—event

ぎょうじ

A planned occasion where people gather or take part in something.

会議—meeting

かいぎ

A planned gathering where people discuss or decide something.

式典—ceremony

しきてん

A formal event held for an important occasion.

祭り—festival

まつり

A public celebration with special activities and traditions.

記念日—anniversary

きねんび

A yearly date that remembers an important past event.

結婚式—wedding

けっこんしき

A ceremony in which two people become married.

卒業—graduation

そつぎょう

The completion of a course of study and recognition of that achievement.

学期—school term

がっき

A set part of a school year during which classes are held.

勤務時間帯—work shift

きんむじかんたい

A scheduled period during which a person works.

残業—overtime

ざんぎょう

Work done beyond the usual working hours.

出席—attendance

しゅっせき

The act or state of being present at a place or event.

開店時刻—opening time

かいてんじこく

The scheduled time when a place begins serving or receiving visitors.

閉店時刻—closing time

へいてんじこく

The scheduled time when a place stops serving or receiving visitors.

出発時刻—departure time

しゅっぱつじこく

The scheduled time when a journey begins.

到着時刻—arrival time

とうちゃくじこく

The scheduled or actual time when a journey reaches its destination.

期日—due date

きじつ

The particular date on which something is expected or must be completed.

延長—extension

えんちょう

Extra time allowed beyond the original end or deadline.

年表—timeline

ねんぴょう

A line or ordered display showing events by date or time.

時間帯—time zone

じかんたい

A region that uses the same standard clock time.

現地時刻—local time

げんちじこく

The clock time currently used in a particular place.

過去—past

かこ

The time before the present.

現在—present

げんざい

The time that is happening at this moment.

未来—future

みらい

The time that has not happened yet.

年齢—age

ねんれい

The length of time that a person or thing has existed.

歴史記録—historical record

れきしきろく

A preserved account of events that happened in the past.

日課—daily routine

にっか

The usual set of activities a person follows each day.

習慣—habit

しゅうかん

A behavior repeated so often that it becomes usual.

周期—cycle

しゅうき

A series of changes that repeats in the same general order.

間隔—interval

かんかく

The space of time between two events or actions.

順序—order

じゅんじょ

The arranged position in which things happen one after another.

順番—turn

じゅんばん

The time or chance for one person to act before the next person.

機会—opportunity

きかい

A suitable time or situation to do something.

頻度—frequency

ひんど

How often something happens within a period of time.

時機—timing

じき

The choice of the most suitable time for an action.

進み具合—pace

すすみぐあい

The speed at which an activity or process moves forward.

世代—generation

せだい

People born and living during roughly the same period.

時代—era

じだい

A long period known for particular events or ways of life.

古代—ancient times

こだい

A very distant period in human history.

現代—modern times

げんだい

The recent period of history including the present.

子供時代—childhood

こどもじだい

The period of life when a person is a child.

青少年期—youth

せいしょうねんき

The stage of life between childhood and full adulthood.

成人期—adulthood

せいじんき

The stage of life when a person is fully grown and legally adult.

老年期—old age

ろうねんき

The later stage of life when a person has grown old.

一生—lifetime

いっしょう

The entire period from a person’s birth to death.

回想—recollection

かいそう

The act or result of bringing a past experience back to mind.

伝統—tradition

でんとう

A belief or practice passed down through generations.

慣習—custom

かんしゅう

A usual way of behaving shared by a group or community.

定期的—regular

ていきてき

Happening repeatedly at expected times or intervals.

不定期—irregular

ふていき

Not happening at expected or consistent times.

継続中—ongoing

けいぞくちゅう

Continuing to happen and not yet finished.

即座に—immediately

そくざに

Without any delay or waiting.

やがて—eventually

At the end of a process or after a long time.

その間に—meanwhile

そのあいだに

During the same period while another event is happening.

事前に—beforehand

じぜんに

Before an event or action takes place.

昔—long ago

むかし

At a time far in the past.

徐々に—gradually

じょじょに

Slowly over a period rather than all at once.

突然—suddenly

とつぜん

Quickly and without warning.

短く—briefly

みじかく

For only a short amount of time.

同時に—simultaneously

どうじに

At exactly the same time as something else.

連続している—consecutive

れんぞくしている

Following one after another without a break.

重なっている—overlapping

かさなっている

Covering or sharing part of the same time period.

交互—alternating

こうご

Taking turns in a repeated pattern.

予定されている—scheduled

よていされている

Given a planned date or time.

予定外—unscheduled

よていがい

Not given a planned date or time.

固定—fixed

こてい

Set and not intended to change.

融通が利く—flexible

ゆうずうがきく

Able to change easily when a situation requires it.

正確—exact

せいかく

Completely correct in time, amount, or detail.

おおよそ—approximate

Close to the real value or time but not exact.

期限切れ—overdue

きげんぎれ

Not completed or paid by the required time.

適時—timely

てきじ

Happening at a useful or suitable time.

季節的—seasonal

きせつてき

Happening or available only in a particular season.

間近—upcoming

まぢか

Expected to happen in the near future.

前回—previous

ぜんかい

Coming before the current one in a series or order.

現行—current

げんこう

Belonging to or being used at the present time.

長続きする—long-lasting

ながつづきする

Continuing for a long period of time.

待ち時間—waiting time

まちじかん

The time spent waiting for someone or something.

移動時間—travel time

いどうじかん

The time needed to go from one place to another.

学習時間—study time

がくしゅうじかん

Time set aside for learning or doing schoolwork.

勤務時間—work time

きんむじかん

Time during which a person is expected to work.

休息時間—rest time

きゅうそくじかん

Time set aside for relaxing and recovering energy.

営業時間—business hours

えいぎょうじかん

The period each day when a business is open to customers.

制限時間—time limit

せいげんじかん

The greatest amount of time allowed for a task.

時差—time difference

じさ

The difference between the clock times of two places.

準備時間—preparation time

じゅんびじかん

The time used to get ready before an activity begins.

回復時間—recovery time

かいふくじかん

The time needed to regain strength after effort or illness.

返答時間—response time

へんとうじかん

The time between a question or request and its answer.

配達時間—delivery time

はいたつじかん

The time needed for an item to reach the receiver.

処理時間—processing time

しょりじかん

The time needed to handle and complete a request or task.

登録期間—registration period

とうろくきかん

A registration period is the official window when people may sign up.

申請期間—application period

しんせいきかん

An application period sets the dates when applications may be submitted.

試験期間—exam period

しけんきかん

A set period during which examinations are held.

猶予期間—grace period

ゆうよきかん

Extra time allowed after a deadline before a penalty begins.

更新期間—renewal period

こうしんきかん

A renewal period allows an agreement or membership to be extended.

開始日—start date

かいしび

The date on which an activity or period begins.

終了日—end date

しゅうりょうび

The date on which an activity or period finishes.

登校日—school day

とうこうび

A day on which students are expected to attend school.

有効期間—validity period

ゆうこうきかん

A validity period shows how long something remains officially accepted or usable.

試用期間—trial period

しようきかん

A limited time to try something before making a final decision.

貸出期間—rental period

かしだしきかん

A rental period is the agreed length of time for using a rented item.

保証期間—warranty period

ほしょうきかん

A warranty period shows how long promised repair or replacement remains available.

閏年—leap year

うるうどし

A year with an extra calendar day to keep seasons aligned.

学年度—school year

がくねんど

The yearly period in which a school organizes classes and activities.

新年—new year

しんねん

The beginning of a new calendar year.

年末—year-end

ねんまつ

The final part of a calendar year.

生年月日—date of birth

せいねんがっぴ

The calendar date on which a person was born.

伝統的な祝日—traditional holiday

でんとうてきなしゅくじつ

A special day observed through customs passed down over many years.

追悼日—day of remembrance

ついとうび

A day set aside to remember people or events from the past.

投票日—election day

とうひょうび

The day on which people cast votes in an election.

試験日—exam day

しけんび

A day scheduled for taking an examination.

給料日—payday

きゅうりょうび

The regular day on which workers receive their pay.

発売日—release date

はつばいび

The date when a new product or work becomes available to the public.

発行日—publication date

はっこうび

The date when written material is officially published.

有効期限—expiration date

ゆうこうきげん

The date after which something is no longer valid or safe to use.

製造日—manufacture date

せいぞうび

The date when a product was made.

出発日—departure date

しゅっぱつび

The date chosen for starting a trip.

会う日—meeting date

あうひ

The date chosen for a planned meeting.

到着日—arrival date

とうちゃくび

The date chosen for reaching a destination.

帰る日—return date

かえるひ

The date chosen for coming back from a trip or absence.

雨季—rainy season

うき

The part of the year when a region receives most of its rain.

乾季—dry season

かんき

The part of the year when a region receives very little rain.

繁忙期—peak season

はんぼうき

The busiest period of the year for travel or business.

閑散期—off-season

かんさんき

The quieter period of the year for travel or business.

収穫期—harvest season

しゅうかくき

The time of year when ripe crops are gathered.

早朝—early morning

そうちょう

The first part of the morning, soon after dawn.

深夜—late night

しんや

The later part of the night when most people are asleep.

時間管理—time management

じかんかんり

The planning and control of how available time is used.

時間感覚—sense of time

じかんかんかく

An awareness of how much time is passing or has passed.

予定の重複—schedule conflict

よていのちょうふく

A situation where two planned activities require the same time.

時間不足—lack of time

じかんぶそく

A situation where there is not enough time to do what is needed.

追加時間—extra time

ついかじかん

Additional time given or available beyond the original amount.

睡眠時間—sleep duration

すいみんじかん

The total amount of time a person spends sleeping.

無駄な時間—wasted time

むだなじかん

Time used without producing a useful or needed result.

遅延通知—delay notice

ちえんつうち

A message informing people that something will happen late.

取消通知—cancellation notice

とりけしつうち

A message informing people that a planned event will not happen.

予定の通知—appointment reminder

よていのつうち

A message that helps someone remember a planned meeting.

予定手帳—daily planner

よていてちょう

A notebook used to record daily plans and appointments.

予定項目—schedule entry

よていこうもく

One recorded item in a schedule, such as a task or event.

やること一覧—task list

やることいちらん

A written list of tasks that need to be completed.

優先順位—priority order

ゆうせんじゅんい

The order that shows which tasks should be done first.

詰まった日程—tight schedule

つまったにってい

A schedule filled with many activities and little free time.

変更できる日程—flexible schedule

へんこうできるにってい

A schedule whose times can be changed when needed.

週間計画—weekly plan

しゅうかんけいかく

A plan of tasks and events for one week.

月間計画—monthly plan

げっかんけいかく

A plan of tasks and events for one month.

年間計画—yearly plan

ねんかんけいかく

A plan of tasks and events for one year.

朝の日課—morning routine

あさのにっか

The usual activities a person follows after waking in the morning.

夜の日課—evening routine

よるのにっか

The usual activities a person follows before going to sleep.

睡眠習慣—sleep routine

すいみんしゅうかん

A regular plan for when to sleep and wake up.

締切の知らせ—deadline reminder

しめきりのしらせ

A message that warns someone a deadline is approaching.

行事への招待—event invitation

ぎょうじへのしょうたい

A message asking someone to attend a planned event.

出席確認—attendance check

しゅっせきかくにん

The act of confirming who is present at an event or class.